• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A furnace system includes at least one lower radiant section having a first firebox disposed therein and at least one upper radiant section disposed above the at least one lower radiant section. The at least one upper radiant section has a second firebox disposed therein. The furnace system further includes at least one convection section disposed above the at least one upper radiant section and an exhaust corridor defined by the first firebox, the second firebox, and the at least one convection section. Arrangement of the at least one upper radiant section above the at least one lower radiant section reduces an area required for construction of the furnace system.
    公开号:ES2555532A2
    申请号:ES201590005
    申请日:2013-03-07
    公开日:2016-01-04
    发明作者:T. MYSZKA Ronald；T. YOUNG Bruce
    申请人:Foster Wheeler USA Corp；Foster Wheeler Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    Method and system to improve the spatial efficiency of an oven system.
    Cross reference to the related request
    This application claims priority over, and incorporates by reference for all purposes all that is disclosed in the provisional US patent application. No. 61 / 680,363, filed on August 7, 2012.
    Background
    Field of the invention
    The present invention relates in general to an apparatus for refining operations, and more particularly, but not by way of limitation, to furnace systems having radiant sections oriented vertically.
    History of related technique
    Delayed coking refers to a refining process that includes heating a residual feed oil, consisting of a long chain of heavy hydrocarbon molecules, at a cracking temperature in a kiln system. Typically, furnace systems used in delayed coking processes include a plurality of tubes arranged in a multi-step configuration. Frequently, an oven system includes at least one convection section and at least one radiant section. The residual feed oil is preheated in the at least one convection section before moving to the at least one radiant section where the residual feed oil is heated to the cracking temperature. In some cases, design considerations determine that the oven system includes multiple convection sections and multiple radiant sections. Such a disposition requires an area of sufficient size in which to place the oven system.
    In some cases, space restrictions limit the number of radiant sections that can be placed in a side-by-side arrangement in a given area. This results in the oven system being built with a number of radiant sections lower than the ideal. Therefore, it would be beneficial to design the oven system to allow the placement of multiple radiant sections or convection sections in a smaller area.
    U.S. Pat. No. 5,878,699, granted to the company M.W. Kellogg Company, discloses a double cell processing furnace that uses a pair of radiant cells. The pair of radiating cells is arranged in close proximity to each other in a general orientation from side to side. An elevated convection section is placed above, and centered between the pair of radiant cells. The combustion gases are extracted in the convection section by means of forced and induced draft fans. The double cell processing furnace requires a smaller area and allows greater flexibility in the heating of multiple services and a simple replacement of the radiant tube.
    Summary
    The present invention relates to an apparatus for refining operations. In one aspect, the present invention relates to an oven system. The oven system that includes at least one lower radiating section having a first stove located therein and at least one upper radiating section located above the at least one lower radiating section. The at least one upper radiant section has a second stove located therein. The furnace system also includes at least one convection section located above the at least one upper radiant section and an escape route defined by the first stove, the second stove, and the at least one convection section. The provision of the at least one
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    upper radiant section above the at least one lower radiant section reduces an area required for the construction of the oven system.
    In another aspect, the present invention relates to a method for reducing the area required for the construction of an oven system. The method includes the provision of at least one lower radiant section and the provision of at least one upper radiant section. The method further includes arranging the at least one upper radiating section above the at least one lower radiating section and providing a convection section above the at least one upper radiating section. The arrangement of the at least one upper radiant section above the at least one lower radiant section reduces the area required for the construction of the oven system.
    Brief description of the drawings
    A more complete understanding of the method and system of the present invention can be obtained by reference to the following Detailed Description when taken together with the accompanying drawings, in which:
    Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a refining system according to an example of realization;
    Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art furnace system;
    Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a radiating section of an oven system according to an embodiment example;
    Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an oven system according to an embodiment example;
    Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an oven system according to an embodiment example; Y
    Figure 6 is a flow chart of a process for building a furnace system according to an embodiment example.
    Detailed description
    Several embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the attached drawings. The invention, however, can be carried out in many different ways and should not be construed to be limited to the embodiments presented in this document.
    Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a refining system according to an embodiment example. A refining system 100 includes an atmospheric distillation unit 102, a vacuum distillation unit 104 and a delayed coking unit 106. In a typical embodiment, the atmospheric distillation unit 102 receives a load of crude oil 120. The water and other contaminants are typically removed from the crude oil charge 120 before the crude oil charge 120 enters the atmospheric distillation unit 102. The crude oil charge 120 is heated at atmospheric pressure to a temperature range of, for example, between 343.33 ° C (650 ° F) approximately and 371.11 ° C (700 ° F) approximately. Light materials 122 that boil below 343.33 ° C-371.11 ° C (650 ° F-700 ° F) are approximately captured and processed at another site to produce, for example, fuel gas, gasoline, gasoline, jet fuel and diesel fuel. The heaviest materials 123 that boil at more than 343.33 ° C-71.11 ° C (650 ° F-700 ° F) approximately (sometimes referred to as "atmospheric waste") are removed from a bottom of the unit atmospheric distillation 102 and are transferred to vacuum distillation unit 104.
    Even with reference to Figure 1, the heaviest materials 123 enter the unit of
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    vacuum distillation 104 and are heated at a very low pressure to a temperature range of, for example, between approximately 371.11 ° C (700 ° F) and approximately 426.67 ° C (800 ° F). Light materials 125 that boil below 371.11 ° C-426.67 ° C (700 ° F-800 ° F) are approximately captured and processed at another site to produce, for example, gasoline and asphalt. A residual feed oil 126 that boils above approximately 371.11 ° C-426.67 ° C (700 ° F-800 ° F) (sometimes referred to as "vacuum residue") is removed from a bottom of the unit distillation to the vacuum104 and moved to the delayed coking unit 106.
    Even with reference to Figure 1, according to the examples of realization, the delayed coking unit 106 includes an oven 108 and a coke drum 110. The residual feed oil 126 is preheated and placed in the oven 108 where the Feed residual oil 126 is heated to a temperature range of, for example, between approximately 482.22 ° C (900 ° F) and approximately 504.44 ° C (940 ° F). After heating, the coke drum 110 is fed with the residual feed oil 126. The residual feed oil 126 is maintained in a pressure range of, for example, between approximately 0.17 MPa (25 psi) and 0.52 MPa (75 psi) approximately for a specific time cycle until the residual feed oil 126 separates into, for example, hydrocarbon vapors and solid coke 128. In a typical embodiment, the specific time cycle ranges from 10 hours approximately to 24 hours approximately. The separation of waste feed oil 126 is known as "cracking." Solid coke 128 accumulates starting at the bottom region 130 of coke drum 110.
    Even with reference to Figure 1, according to the embodiments, once solid coke 128 reaches a predetermined level in coke drum 110, solid coke 128 is removed from coke drum 110 through, example, mechanical or hydraulic methods. Removal of solid coke 128 from coke drum 110 is known as, for example, "cleaning," "coke cleaning," or "decoding." The flow of the residual feed oil 126 is diverted away from the coke drum 110 to at least a second coke drum 112. The coke drum 110 is then sprayed with steam to release the remains of uncracked hydrocarbons. Once the coke drum 110 has cooled, for example, by water injection, solid coke 128 is removed by, for example, mechanical or hydraulic methods. Solid coke 128 falls through the bottom region 130 of coke drum 110 and is recovered in a coke pit 114. Solid coke 128 is then shipped from the refinery to supply the coke market. In various embodiments, the flow of the residual feed oil 126 can be diverted to at least a second coke drum 112 during decoding of the coke drum 110 thereby keeping the refining system 100 continuously in operation.
    Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art furnace system. An oven system 200 of the prior art typically includes a plurality of convection sections 202 and a plurality of radiant sections 204. The arrangement shown in Figure 2 shows, for example, two convection sections 202 generally oriented, above four radiant sections 204. The plurality of radiant sections 204 is typically oriented in a side-by-side arrangement with respect to each other. In operation, the residual feed oil 126 (shown in Figure 1) enters one of the plurality of convection sections 202 through a convection inlet 206. The combustion gases, generated by the plurality of radiant sections 204, they are raised through the plurality of convection sections 202 and preheat the residual feed oil 126. The residual feed oil 126 leaves the plurality of convection sections 202 through a convection outlet 208 and is moved to one of the plurality of radiant sections 204. The preheated feed residual oil 126 enters the plurality of radiant sections 204 through a radiant inlet 210 and is heated to cracking temperature. Once heated, the residual feed oil 126 leaves the plurality of radiant sections 204 by a radiant outlet 212 and is transferred to the drum of
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    coke 110 (shown in Figure 1).
    Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a radiant section according to an example of realization. A radiant section 300 includes a burner unit 302. By way of example, the radiant section 300 shown in Figure 2 includes a pair of burner units 302 facing each other. A stove 304 is defined between the pair of burner units 302 facing each other. A processing coil 306 is located inside the stove 304. In a typical embodiment, the processing coil 306 contains the residual feed oil 126 (shown in Figure 1). When the radiant section 300 is in operation, combustion by-products and exhaust gases, referred to as "combustion gases," will accumulate in the burner 304. In a typical embodiment, the combustion gases will be expelled through an upper opening 308 of the stove.
    Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an oven system according to an embodiment example. An oven system 400 includes at least one convection section 402, at least one lower radiating section 404 and at least one upper radiating section 406. By way of example, the oven system 400 shown in Figure 4 illustrates, for example, two convection sections 402, two lower radiating sections 404 and two upper radiating sections 406; however, any number of convection sections 402, any number of lower radiating sections 404 and any number of upper radiating sections 406 may be used, depending on the design requirements. In a typical embodiment, the at least one upper radiating section 406 is mounted above the at least one lower radiating section 404. The arrangement of the at least one upper radiating section 406 above the at least one lower radiating section 404 allows the oven system 400 to be constructed in a smaller area compared to the prior art of side-by-side arrangements, as shown in Figure 2. In an exemplary embodiment, in the oven system 400 shown In Figure 4 four radiant sections (404, 406) are placed in an area that would normally be required by an oven system that has two radiant sections (404, 406).
    Even with reference to Figure 4, a first stove 422 associated with the at least one lower radiating section 404 is fluidly and thermally exposed, coupled to a second stove 424 associated with the at least one upper radiating section 406. In a mode Typically, the at least one convection section 402 is fluidly and thermally exposed to the second stove 424. In operation, the at least one lower radiating section 404 and the at least one upper radiating section 406 produce exhaust gases and byproducts of combustion, known as "combustion gases". In a typical embodiment, the combustion gases that have accumulated in the first stove 422 and in the second stove 424 are raised through the at least one convection section 402. The combustion gases provide a heat transfer by convection to the at least one convection section 402. The first stove 422, the second stove 424 and the at least one convection section 402 together define an escape route 426 to evacuate the combustion gases. A chimney 408 is mounted above and fluidly coupled, to the at least one convection section 402. The combustion gases that accumulate in the exhaust route 426 are extracted through the chimney 408.
    Even with reference to Figure 4, the at least one convection section 402 includes a convection inlet 410 and a convection outlet 412. Similarly, the at least one lower radiating section 404 includes a first radiant inlet 414 and a first radiant outlet 416. The at least one upper radiant section 406 includes a second radiant inlet 418 and a second radiant outlet 420. In a typical embodiment, the convection inlet 410 receives the residual feed oil 126 (shown in Figure 1). ). The convection outlet 412 is fluidly coupled to the first radiant input 414 and the second radiant input 418. In a typical embodiment, the first radiant output 416
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    and the second radiant outlet 420 are fluidly coupled to the coke drum 110 (shown in Figure 1). In several alternative embodiments, the convection output 412 is fluidly coupled to the first radiant input 414 and a second convection output (not shown explicitly) is coupled to the second radiant input 418.
    Even with reference to Figure 4, in operation, the residual feed oil 126 (shown in Figure 1) enters the at least one convection section 402 through the convection inlet 410. The residual feed oil 126 is prepared heats in the at least one convection section 402 by heat transfer by convection. Next, the residual feed oil 126 leaves the at least one convection section 402 through the convection outlet 412 and moves to one of the at least one lower radiant section 404 or the at least one upper radiant section 406. The oil Feed residual 126 enters the at least one lower radiant section 404 through the first radiant inlet 414. The residual feed oil 126 enters the at least one upper radiant section 406 through the second radiant inlet 418.
    In the at least one lower radiant section 404 and the at least one upper radiant section 406, the residual feed oil 126 is heated to cracking temperature in the range of, for example, between 482.22 ° C (900 ° F) approximately and 504.44 ° C (940 ° F) approximately. After heating, the residual feed oil 126 leaves the at least one lower radiant section 404 by the first radiant outlet 416. The residual feed oil 126 leaves the at least one upper radiant section 406 by the second radiant outlet 420. Upon leaving the At least one lower radiant section 404 or the at least one upper radiant section 406, the residual feed oil 126 is transferred to the coke drum 110 (shown in Figure 1). In a typical embodiment, the at least one lower radiating section 404 and the at least one upper radiating section 406 are fluidly connected in parallel to the at least one convection section 402. However, in several alternative embodiments , the at least one lower radiating section 404 and the at least one upper radiating section 406 can be connected in series to the at least one convection section 402.
    Even with reference to Figure 4, in operation, the at least one lower radiating section 404 and the at least one upper radiating section 406 are independently controlled. In a typical embodiment, a temperature of the residual feed oil 126 at the first radiant outlet 416 is substantially equal to a temperature of the residual feed oil 126 at the second radiant outlet 420. In a typical embodiment, the gases of combustion discharged from the lower radiant section 404 will soften a flow profile of a processing coil, associated with the upper radiant section 406. As used herein, the term "flow profile" refers to the heat input per surface area of the processing coil. Smoothing the flow profile of the upper radiant section 406 tends to increase a path length of the upper radiant section 406. That is, the improved flow profile tends to increase the amount of time elapsed between the necessary cleanings of the radiant section. 406 higher due to accumulated coke.
    The advantages of the oven system 400 will be apparent to those skilled in the art. First, as discussed above, the arrangement of the at least one upper radiant section 406 above the at least one lower radiant section 404 allows the oven system 400 to be constructed in a substantially smaller area. This is particularly advantageous in situations where there are critical space limitations. Second, the oven system 400 reduces the investment capital that is normally associated with many previous oven systems. The oven system 400 reduces a quantity of material associated, for example, with the chimney 408 and so on! as with other associated escape routes.
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    Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an oven system according to an example of realization. An oven system 500 includes a plurality of convection sections 502 and a plurality of radiant sections 504. In a typical embodiment, the oven system 500 has a construction similar to the oven system 400 set forth above with respect to Figure 4 ; however, the oven system 500 includes, for example, eight radiant sections 504 and four convection sections 502. Therefore, the embodiment shown in Figure 5 demonstrates that an oven system 500, which has eight radiant sections 504 It can be built over the area that would normally be required by a four-step oven system.
    Figure 6 is a flow chart of a process for building a furnace system according to an embodiment example. A process 600 begins in step 602. In step 604, at least one lower radiating section is provided. In step 606, at least one upper radiant section is provided. In step 608, the at least one upper radiant section is disposed above the at least one lower radiant section. In step 610, at least one convection section is provided and a top radiant section is located above the at least one. The arrangement of the at least one upper radiant section above the at least one lower radiant section substantially reduces the area required for the oven system. Process 600 ends in step 612.
    Although various embodiments of the method and system of the present invention have been illustrated in the accompanying Drawings and have been described in the previous Detailed Description, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but is susceptible of numerous new provisions, modifications and substitutions without deviating from the spirit of the invention as set forth in this document. For example, although the embodiments shown and described herein refer by way of example to kiln systems used in delayed coking operations, a person skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments shown and described herein also they could be applied to other furnace systems used in refining operations, such as, for example, a crude oil heater, a vacuum heater, a viscosity rupture heater, or any other suitable device for heating fluids in a refining operation . In addition, the oven systems shown and described herein may, in various embodiments, include any number of convection sections, upper radiating sections and lower radiating sections. The embodiments shown and described in this document are by way of example only.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
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    WATER SAVING SYSTEM AND OPERATING METHOD OF THE SAME OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to a water saving system intended to be installed in a hot and cold sanitary water supply installation, applicable to all types of homes, whereby the loss of cold water normally caused by the drain while waiting for the arrival of hot water to a certain point of consumption.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Some facilities are already known for the exposed purpose, through which it is intended to achieve, with greater or lesser effectiveness, a water saving.
    Document ES 2368540 A1 describes a system for saving water in a home, comprising a non-return valve, a pumper to the heater inlet and a few buttons connected between the cold water outlet and the hot water outlet.
    The system described in ES 2368540 A1 has some disadvantages. On the one hand, the pump automatically operates when it detects a pressure in the outlet duct less than in the inlet duct, so it will start working not only when necessary for the operation of the system described in that document, but on other occasions (When the tap is opened, when there is a small loss in the line, ...). On the other hand, it would not be put into operation if, despite the demand of the user, there was a pressure rise upstream of the pump, due to an overpressure in the installation or any similar cause.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention proposes a solution to the above problems by means of a water saving system according to claim 1 and a method of operation according to claim 12. Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
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    In a first inventive aspect, the invention defines a water saving system adapted to be installed on a water supply installation, the water supply installation comprising a general conduction, a bifurcation point in which the general conduction forks towards a branch of hot water and a branch of cold water, a non-return valve, located upstream from the fork point, a water heater, with inlet and outlet, located in the branch of hot water and at least one point of consumption of hot and cold water, each of which comes a cold line that comes from the cold water branch and a hot line that comes from the hot water branch, characterized by the system comprising:
    an activation module, comprising activation means, a first control means and a first wireless serial receiver transmitter,
    a recirculation module, intended to be installed between the fork point and the heater inlet, which comprises a suitable electric pump to recirculate the water in the direction from the fork point to the heater, a second control means and a wireless serial receiver,
    a connection module, comprising a third control means, a second wireless serial receiver emitter, a first solenoid valve located in fluid connection with a cold conduit and a hot conduit that reach the same point of consumption so that when the first is opened electrovalvula communicates the cold and hot conduction water with which it is in contact, and, stopping means, suitable for detecting a condition of cessation of activity.
    The activation means is a device suitable to be operated by a user, and suitable to provide the first control means with an activation serial when the user's actuation has occurred. As an example, not limitation, we can mention: a push button, a remote control, a touch button, a voice detector, or the hot water tap itself.
    The system comprises an electric pump, whose activation and shutdown is governed exclusively by the second control means, so that no other external circumstance can cause it to be put into operation or stopped uncontrollably.
    Preferably, the condition of cessation of activity is detected by the stopping means. These stopping means may comprise one or more of a timer, a
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    temperature sensor or external stop means.
    The presence of different alternatives of stopping means provides the user with different possibilities of operation. At the same time, it makes the system less exposed to failures due to external circumstances, since, either the user through external means, or the system itself by means of the timer or the temperature sensor, would deactivate the system if it does not occur the desired operation of it.
    In a particular embodiment, the recirculation module further comprises an expansion port.
    Advantageously, the expansion port is an electronic slot capable of communicating an additional device with the recirculation module, such as: a descaling module, pipe cleaning systems, etc.
    In a particular embodiment, the recirculation module additionally comprises at least one element between a pressure sensor, optical indicators and an LED display.
    In a particular embodiment, the first solenoid valve included in the connection module is bistable in nature.
    Advantageously, this allows this first solenoid valve to be powered by batteries or batteries, being able to be installed directly in the shower or bathtub complying with the requirements contained in the Low Voltage Electrotechnical Regulation, ITC-BT-27. This offers a great advantage, since the shower or bathtub are the points of consumption in which more water is wasted while waiting for hot water to escape.
    In a particular embodiment, the activation module additionally comprises optical and / or acoustic warning means suitable for displaying different warnings depending on the different operating states of the savings system.
    In a particular embodiment, the activation means is a pressure switch comprised in a hot water tap control, and the system additionally comprises a second solenoid valve and a non-return valve adapted to be located between a stopcock comprised in the conduction of hot water and the point where the connection module is connected to the hot line so that the second solenoid valve, when closed,
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    prevents water from flowing out of the hot conduction outside.
    In a particular embodiment, the activation means is a pressure switch comprised in a hot water tap control, the first solenoid valve is a three-way solenoid valve, and the water saving system additionally comprises an anti-return valve adapted for be located between a stopcock included in the hot water line and the point where the connection module is connected to the hot line so that the three-way solenoid valve, when closed, prevents water from flowing out of the hot line to the Exterior.
    In a second inventive aspect, the invention provides a water supply installation comprising a water saving system according to the first inventive aspect.
    A third inventive aspect according to the invention provides a method of operation of the saving system according to the first inventive aspect, characterized by the method comprising the steps of:
    a user activates the activation means of the activation module, the first wireless signal receiver emitter of the activation module sends an activation signal to the wireless signal receiver of the recirculation module and to the second wireless signal receiver emitter of the connection module,
    the recirculation module, once the activation signal is received, starts the electric pump,
    once the activation signal is received, the connection module changes the state of the first solenoid valve from closed to open, producing the circulation of water from the hot pipes to the cold pipes and through the heater, until the stop means detect a condition of cessation of activity,
    after the stop means detects a condition of cessation of activity, the connection module changes the state of the first solenoid valve from open to closed and the second wireless signal receiving transmitter of the connection module sends a stop signal to the receiver of wireless signal of the recirculation module,
    the recirculation module, once the stop signal is received, for the electric pump.
    Advantageously, this allows the method of operation to cause the recirculation of water until the condition of cessation of activity is verified, at which time the system opens the first solenoid valve so that the hot water goes outside. In this way, no
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    Water is wasted while it reaches its operating temperature.
    In a particular embodiment, the saving system is one that additionally comprises a temperature sensor and the condition of cessation of activity is detected by the temperature sensor, upon reaching a predetermined temperature or set by the user.
    In a particular embodiment, the savings system is one of those comprising
    additionally a timer, and the condition of cessation of activity is detected by the timer, upon reaching its predetermined time or set by the user.
    In a particular embodiment, the saving system is one of those comprising external stopping means, and the condition of cessation of activity is detected by the external stopping means, when activated by the user.
    In a particular embodiment, the savings system is one of those comprising
    additionally a timer, and once the user activates the activation means, the activation module causes the activation of the optical and / or acoustic indicators of the activation module itself, and once the stop means detects the cessation condition of activity, the second wireless signal receiver emitter of the connection module sends an activity cease signal to the first wireless signal emitter-receiver of the activation module, after which the activation module causes a change in the optical indicators and / or acoustic
    In a particular embodiment, the activation means is a pressure switch comprised in a hot water tap control, and the saving system additionally comprises a second solenoid valve and a non-return valve adapted to be located between a stopcock comprised in the hot water conduction and the point where the connection module is connected to the hot conduit, and once the user activates the activation means, the first control means activates the second solenoid valve, and said second solenoid valve closes, preventing water flows out of the hot water pipe outside.
    In a particular embodiment, the activation means is a pressure switch comprised in a hot water tap control, the first solenoid valve is a three-way solenoid valve, the water saving system additionally comprises an anti-return valve adapted to be located between a stopcock included in the hot water line and
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    the point where the connection module is connected to the hot conduction, and once the user activates the activation means, the first control means activates the three-way solenoid valve, so that said three-way solenoid valve prevents water from flowing out through the hot water pipe outside.
    All features and / or the method steps described herein (including the claims, description and drawings) may be combined in any combination, except for combinations of such mutually exclusive features.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    These and other features and advantages of the invention, will become more clearly apparent from the detailed description that follows in a preferred form of realization, given only by way of illustrative and non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying figures. .
    Figure 1 This figure shows a general scheme of an installation of
    Supply of hot and cold sanitary water provided with a saving system according to the invention.
    Figure 2 This figure shows an activation module scheme according to a
    realization of the invention.
    Figure 3 This figure shows a diagram of the recirculation module according to
    an embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 4 This figure shows a diagram of the connection module, in
    operation of recirculation according to an embodiment of the invention.
    DETAILED EXHIBITION OF THE INVENTION
    Figure 1 shows an installation of hot and cold sanitary water supply, from a general supply line (11) in which a general stopcock (3) is mounted. This general supply line (11), having reached a bifurcation point (9), branches towards the hot water branch (10) and the cold water branch (8). It also has a non-return valve (2) located upstream from the fork point (9). The hot water branch (10) has a water heater (4) that has an inlet (5) and an outlet (6). In addition the installation includes a series of points of consumption (7) of cold water and
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    hot, to each of which comes a cold conduction (15) that comes from the cold water branch (8) and a hot conduction (16) that comes from the hot water branch (10). The invention is also suitable for installations in which cold conduits (15) and hot conduits (16) are in turn provided with stopcocks (3).
    The saving system (1) according to an embodiment of the invention comprises a series of elements adapted to be installed on this supply installation: at least one system activation module (12), one recirculation module (13) and at least a connection module (14).
    The recirculation module (13) is installed between the bifurcation point (9) and the inlet (5) of the heater (4).
    On the other hand, the activation module (12) and the connection module (14) can be installed in a different place from the recirculation module (13). In a particular example, the water saving system according to the invention comprises a single activation module (12) and a single connection module (14), and both are installed in the vicinity of the water consumption point (7) more away from the heater (4). In other embodiments, the saving system (1) includes an activation module (12) and a connection module (14) at each consumption point (7).
    Figure 2 shows an example of activation module (12) according to the invention. This activation module (12) comprises activation means (21), which in this particular example is a manually operated capacitive button, a first control means (22), optical (23) and acoustic warning means (24). ) suitable for displaying different messages depending on the different operating states, and a first wireless signal receiver transmitter (25). In a particular embodiment, it also comprises external stopping means (26). In a particular embodiment, the activation module (12) is powered by batteries.
    In a particular embodiment, the activation means (21) comprise a pressure switch located in a hot water tap control, and the saving system additionally comprises a second solenoid valve and a non-return valve adapted to be located between a stopcock included in the hot water line and the point where the connection module is connected to the hot line. In this embodiment, once the user opens the hot water tap, activates the pressure switch, which sets
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    the system runs. In this case, in addition to activating the aforementioned elements, the first control means also activates the second solenoid valve, and said second solenoid valve closes, preventing water from flowing out of the hot water line outside.
    In another particular embodiment, the activation means (21) comprise a pressure switch located in a hot water tap control, the first solenoid valve is a three-way solenoid valve, the water saving system additionally comprises an anti-return valve adapted for be located between a stopcock included in the hot water conduction and the point where the connection module is connected to the hot conduction. Once the user opens the hot water tap, he activates the pressure switch, which starts the system. In this case, in addition to activating the aforementioned elements, the first control means also activates the three-way solenoid valve, so that said three-way solenoid valve prevents water from flowing out of the hot water line outside.
    Figure 3 shows a particular example of the recirculation module (13), comprising a recirculating electric pump (31), remotely operable, a second control means (32), a wireless signal receiver (33), a sensor pressure (34), optical indicators (35), a led display (36) and an expansion port (37). This recirculation module (13) is powered by the electricity grid and has an inlet (38) of water from the hot water branch (10) and an outlet (39), after passing through the electric pump (31), to the same branch of hot water (10) downstream, which runs to the heater (not shown).
    The optical indicators (35) are suitable to show the progress in the operation of the savings system (1).
    The expansion port (37) is an electronic slot capable of communicating an additional device with the recirculation module (13). The second control means (32) of the recirculation module (13) is able to identify if a device has been installed in the expansion port (37) and to show its configuration and use options on the LED display (36). Said led display (36) is an input / output device, and is capable of allowing the selection of a specific program when other systems have been connected to the expansion port (37) of the recirculation module (13).
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    By way of particular examples of the additional devices that can be connected to the expansion port (37) are a descaling module, pipe cleaning systems, etc.
    Figure 4 shows a particular example of connection module (14), located near a point of consumption (7), which reaches a cold line (15) and a hot line (16). This connection module (14) comprises a third control means (41), a first solenoid valve (42), in fluid connection with the cold line (15) and with the hot line (16), a temperature sensor (43) , a timer (44) and a second wireless serial receiver transmitter (45).
    In a particular embodiment, the first solenoid valve (42) is of a bistable nature of very low electrical consumption. In this case, the device can be powered by batteries or batteries, thus ensuring that it can be installed directly in the shower or sweeper meeting the requirements contained in the Low Voltage Electrotechnical Regulation, ITC-BT-27, referring to the conditions that must comply with the electronic circuits contained in showers or barieras installations for domestic use. There is thus a clear advantage in saving water, since the shower or sweep are, by far, the consumption points where more water is wasted while waiting for hot water to come out.
    When the activation means (21) are activated, the first wireless serial receiver transmitter (25) sends a wireless serial to the connection module (14) to change the normal state of the first solenoid valve (42) from closed to open, starting the timer (44) according to a predetermined time or adjustable by the user. It also sends a wireless serial to the recirculation module (13), to start the electric pump (31). Finally, it causes the activation of the optical (23) and acoustic (24) indicators of the activation module (12), producing the recirculation of water, from the hot pipes (16) to the cold pipes (15) and through the heater (4).
    Recirculation will continue in operation until it stops, which may be due to any of the following three causes:
    a) The temperature sensor (43) would indicate that the water has reached its setpoint, or
    b) The timer (44) would be that the maximum waiting time for the achievement of the
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    service has already elapsed, or
    c) The user activates the external stop means (26).
    In any of the cases noted above, the cessation signal reaches the connection module (14), after which the third control means (41) of the connection module (14) wirelessly sends a triple signal: to the module recirculation (13) to stop the operation of the electric pump (31), the connection module (14) to close the first solenoid valve (42) and the activation module (12) to indicate, by means of the optical indicators (23) and acoustic (24), the state of the process. In a particular embodiment, the signals emitted by the optical (23) and acoustic (24) indicators will depend on whether the termination of the cycle has been due to cause a) or cause b). When the recirculation has stopped, the user can open the tap and use the water, knowing that it will be hot at the setpoint temperature in case a), at a temperature below that in case b) or any of the above. in case c).
    These three options a), b) and c) are compatible, although in particular embodiments of the saving system (1), this only comprises one of the stopping means:
    In a particular embodiment, the system comprises a temperature sensor (43), but does not comprise a timer (44) or external stopping means (26), so in this embodiment, the activity cessation signal will always be generated by the temperature sensor (43), which will emit the cessation of activity signal when it detects that the water temperature reaches the setpoint.
    In another particular embodiment, the system comprises a timer (44), but does not comprise a temperature sensor (43) or external stopping means (26), so that in this embodiment, the activity stop signal will always be generated. by the timer (44), which will emit the cessation of activity signal when the maximum waiting time has elapsed.
    In another particular embodiment, the system comprises external stopping means (26), but does not comprise temperature sensor (43) or timer (44), so in this embodiment, the cessation of activity signal will always be generated by the external stopping means (26).
    Advantageously, a water saving system according to the invention that has only one
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    Recirculation module (13) is enough to take the service to all points of the house. In this system, only the installation of a single activation module (12) and a single connection module (14) is essential, although in particular embodiments the installation of as many activation modules (12) and connection modules (14) is allowed as the user requires, from a single recirculation module (13).
    As can be seen from the description, the activation (12), recirculation (13) and connection (14) modules are connected wirelessly, preferably by radio signals, as follows:
    • The activation module (12) comprises a first wireless signal receiver emitter (25) adapted to receive a wireless cessation signal of activity emitted from the connection module (14) and to emit a wireless activation signal to the recirculation module (13) and to the connection module (14).
    • The connection module (14) comprises a second wireless signal receiver emitter (45) adapted to emit a wireless cessation signal to the activation module (12) and the recirculation module (13) and to receive a wireless signal of activation from the activation module (12).
    • The recirculation module (13) comprises a wireless signal receiver (33) adapted to receive the wireless activation signals from the activation module (12) and the wireless cessation signal from the connection module (14).
    This circumstance allows to maintain a completely electronic control, facilitating its integration into home networks.
    The system offers the advantage of reacting advantageously in the event of any of the following failures:
    • If there is a failure in the mains electricity supply, the electric pump (31) will not be activated, allowing water to pass through it, without affecting the service demand. The first battery-powered solenoid valve (42) will change its status to closed if it is open, or will remain closed in any case. The activation module (12), in case it is powered by a battery and includes optical indicators (23), will illuminate in a blinking way, as a fault alarm.
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    • If the heater fails and does not heat, the cycle will conclude as estimated in case b), the timer being the one that will stop the system, indicating a failure in the heater by means of the corresponding signaling means.
    In a particular embodiment, all the activation (12), recirculation (13) and connection (14) modules are configurable by the home user, by means of a specific program for the recognition of all the modules that the user is going to install in your home. In a particular embodiment, the program includes a functionality for the recirculation module (13) to recognize all the connection module assemblies (14) that are nearby when activated, allowing it to communicate only with them and not with other nearby facilities. This function can be implemented at any time.
    One of the main advantages of the installation of the invention is the possibility of installing the system in any home that has a domestic water heater.
    Another advantage derives from the constitution of the installation by means of three modules, which allows to install the most voluminous module, the one of recirculation (13), in a non-problematic place near the heater (4), with power outlet, far from the moisture that can affect electronic devices. As for the activation module (12) and connection (14), they can be installed discreetly at the desired point of consumption, provided that it has access to hot and cold water pipes, with the point farthest from the heater being recommended. In any case, if after the installation of the saving system (1) according to the invention it is desired to install additional connection modules (14), these could be installed without the need to adapt in a special way the rest of the system elements already installed.
    There are several advantages in the installation of an electric pump (31) that can be activated by remote control in front of the pump that includes other systems:
    • The pump remains in operation and consumes electric power unnecessarily whenever any hot water tap is open, even if the activation module (12) is not installed in said tap. On the contrary, the electric pump (31) only consumes power when system activation is required.
    • The pump would also continue to run at any pressure drop from the hot water branch (10), such as a small leak in the circuit,
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    until the cause of this pressure drop is detected and repaired. On the contrary, the electric pump (31) only consumes power when system activation is required.
    • With the pump, in case there is an overpressure in the water inlet of the building, when activating the activation module the pressure drop in the hot water branch may not occur, as there is no pressure difference with the branch of cold water, so that the system would be completely unable to function. On the contrary, since the activation of the electric pump (31) is not based on the pressure difference, but on an external command, its operation is not affected by this type of circumstances.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20140045133A1|2014-02-13|
    CN104662386A|2015-05-27|
    ES2555532B2|2016-10-04|
    US20170114278A1|2017-04-27|
    US9239190B2|2016-01-19|
    ES2555532R1|2016-02-23|
    MY171515A|2019-10-16|
    PH12015500163B1|2015-03-16|
    CL2015000280A1|2015-07-10|
    BR112015002425B1|2020-03-17|
    US9567528B2|2017-02-14|
    US10233391B2|2019-03-19|
    ZA201509172B|2016-10-26|
    CN106433727A|2017-02-22|
    DE112013003968T5|2015-07-09|
    CA2879945C|2019-12-31|
    CA2879945A1|2014-02-13|
    US20160083656A1|2016-03-24|
    US11034889B2|2021-06-15|
    BR112015002425A2|2017-07-04|
    PH12015500163A1|2015-03-16|
    CN104662386B|2016-09-28|
    US20190161681A1|2019-05-30|
    WO2014025390A1|2014-02-13|
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